Ann Intern Med:加巴喷丁类药物与慢性阻塞性肺疾病严重恶化的风险:一项基于人群的队列研究
本文由小咖机器人翻译整理
期刊来源:Ann Intern Med
原文链接:https://doi.org/10.7326/M23-0849
摘要内容如下:
背景
北美和欧洲卫生机构最近警告,加巴喷丁类药物会导致严重的呼吸问题,包括慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)患者,尽管支持证据有限。
目的
评估加巴喷丁类药物的使用是否与COPD患者病情严重恶化相关。
设计
时间条件倾向评分匹配的新用户队列研究。
设置
加拿大魁北克疾病保险管理局的健康保险数据库。
病人
在1994年至2015年间COPD患者的基础队列中,开始加巴喷丁类药物治疗的患者(具有适应症(癫痫、神经性疼痛或其他慢性疼痛))与未使用加巴喷丁类药物的患者在COPD持续时间、加巴喷丁类药物适应症、年龄、性别、日历年和时间条件倾向评分方面进行1:1匹配。
测量
主要转归是需要住院治疗的重度COPD恶化。根据加巴喷丁类药物的适应症,在亚队列和总体队列中评估与加巴喷丁类药物使用相关的风险比(HR)。
结果
该队列包括356名患有癫痫的加巴喷丁类药物使用者、9411名患有神经性疼痛的患者和3737名患有其他慢性疼痛的患者,与非使用者1:1匹配。与不使用加巴喷丁相比,使用加巴喷丁类药物在癫痫(HR,1.58[95%CI,1.08至2.30])、神经性疼痛(HR,1.35[CI,1.24至1.48])、其他慢性疼痛(HR,1.49[CI,1.27至1.73])和总体(HR,1.39[CI,1.29至1.50])的适应症中与COPD严重恶化的风险增加相关。
局限性
残留的混杂因素,包括缺乏吸烟信息。
结论
在COPD患者中,加巴喷丁类药物的使用与严重恶化的风险增加相关。该研究支持了监管机构的警告,并强调了在为COPD患者处方加巴喷丁和普瑞巴林时考虑这一潜在风险的重要性。
英文原文如下:
Abstracts
BACKGROUND North American and European health agencies recently warned of severe breathing problems associated with gabapentinoids, including in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), although supporting evidence is limited.
OBJECTIVE To assess whether gabapentinoid use is associated with severe exacerbation in patients with COPD.
DESIGN Time-conditional propensity score-matched, new-user cohort study.
SETTING Health insurance databases from the Régie de l'assurance maladie du Québec in Canada.
PATIENTS Within a base cohort of patients with COPD between 1994 and 2015, patients initiating gabapentinoid therapy with an indication (epilepsy, neuropathic pain, or other chronic pain) were matched 1:1 with nonusers on COPD duration, indication for gabapentinoids, age, sex, calendar year, and time-conditional propensity score.
MEASUREMENTS The primary outcome was severe COPD exacerbation requiring hospitalization. Hazard ratios (HRs) associated with gabapentinoid use were estimated in subcohorts according to gabapentinoid indication and in the overall cohort.
RESULTS The cohort included 356 gabapentinoid users with epilepsy, 9411 with neuropathic pain, and 3737 with other chronic pain, matched 1:1 to nonusers. Compared with nonuse, gabapentinoid use was associated with increased risk for severe COPD exacerbation across the indications of epilepsy (HR, 1.58 [95% CI, 1.08 to 2.30]), neuropathic pain (HR, 1.35 [CI, 1.24 to 1.48]), and other chronic pain (HR, 1.49 [CI, 1.27 to 1.73]) and overall (HR, 1.39 [CI, 1.29 to 1.50]).
LIMITATION Residual confounding, including from lack of smoking information.
CONCLUSION In patients with COPD, gabapentinoid use was associated with increased risk for severe exacerbation. This study supports the warnings from regulatory agencies and highlights the importance of considering this potential risk when prescribing gabapentin and pregabalin to patients with COPD.
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