JAMA:血管内血栓切除术治疗大面积缺血性卒中跨越缺血性损伤和半暗带轮廓
本文由小咖机器人翻译整理
期刊来源:JAMA
原文链接:https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2024.0572
摘要内容如下:
重要性
血管内血栓切除术(EVT)对急性缺血性卒中和大核心患者的疗效是否因缺血性损伤的程度而异尚不确定。
目的
描述不可逆性脑损伤(CORE)和危险区域(不匹配)的影像学评估与临床结果和EVT治疗效果之间的关系。
设计、设置和参与者
SELECT2试验的一项探索性分析,该试验将352名因颈内动脉或大脑中动脉(M1段)闭塞和大缺血核心导致急性缺血性卒中的成人(18-85岁)随机分配至EVT与医疗管理(MM),该试验于2019年10月至2022年9月在31个全球中心进行。
干预
EVT与MM。
主要成果和措施
主要结果是功能结果-90天Mrs评分(0,无症状,至6,死亡),通过调整全身OR(Agenor;值>1表示更有利的结果)。与MM相比,EVT的益处是通过非增强CT(使用ASPECTS评分)定义的缺血性损伤水平和CT灌注中严重血流减少或MRI中扩散受限的脑体积来评估的。
结果
在随机分组的352例患者中,336例进行了分析(中位年龄67岁;139人[41.4%]为女性);其中,168例(50%)随机接受EVT治疗,另外2例交叉MM患者接受EVT治疗。在90天Mrs的顺序分析中,与MM相比,EVT在3(Agenor,1.71[95%CI,1.04-2.81])、4(Agenor,2.01[95%CI,1.19-3.40])和5(Agenor,1.85[95%CI,1.22-2.79])方面改善了功能结果。在CT灌注/MRI缺血核心体积的分层中,体积≥70 mL的EVT与MM的Agenor为1.63(95%CI,1.23-2.16),体积≥100 mL的EVT与MM的Agenor为1.41(95%CI,0.99-2.02),体积≥150 mL的EVT与MM的Agenor为1.47(95%CI,0.84-2.56)。在EVT组中,随着Aspects减少(Agenor,0.91[95%CI,0.82-1.00]每减少1点)和CT灌注/MRI缺血核心体积增加(Agenor,0.92[95%CI,0.89-0.95]每增加10毫升),结果恶化。在有或没有不匹配的情况下,没有观察到EVT治疗效果的异质性,尽管很少有没有不匹配的患者入组。
结论和相关性
在对广泛缺血性卒中患者的随机临床试验的探索性分析中,EVT在广泛的梗死体积范围内改善了临床结果,尽管具有最小半暗带体积的患者入选率较低。在接受EVT治疗的患者中,随着缺血性损伤评估的增加,临床结果恶化。
试用注册
ClinicalTrials.gov标识符:NCT03876457。
英文原文如下:
Abstracts
Importance Whether endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) efficacy for patients with acute ischemic stroke and large cores varies depending on the extent of ischemic injury is uncertain.
Objective To describe the relationship between imaging estimates of irreversibly injured brain (core) and at-risk regions (mismatch) and clinical outcomes and EVT treatment effect.
Design, Setting, and Participants An exploratory analysis of the SELECT2 trial, which randomized 352 adults (18-85 years) with acute ischemic stroke due to occlusion of the internal carotid or middle cerebral artery (M1 segment) and large ischemic core to EVT vs medical management (MM), across 31 global centers between October 2019 and September 2022.
Intervention EVT vs MM.
Main Outcomes and Measures Primary outcome was functional outcome-90-day mRS score (0, no symptoms, to 6, death) assessed by adjusted generalized OR (aGenOR; values >1 represent more favorable outcomes). Benefit of EVT vs MM was assessed across levels of ischemic injury defined by noncontrast CT using ASPECTS score and by the volume of brain with severely reduced blood flow on CT perfusion or restricted diffusion on MRI.
Results Among 352 patients randomized, 336 were analyzed (median age, 67 years; 139 [41.4%] female); of these, 168 (50%) were randomized to EVT, and 2 additional crossover MM patients received EVT. In an ordinal analysis of mRS at 90 days, EVT improved functional outcomes compared with MM within ASPECTS categories of 3 (aGenOR, 1.71 [95% CI, 1.04-2.81]), 4 (aGenOR, 2.01 [95% CI, 1.19-3.40]), and 5 (aGenOR, 1.85 [95% CI, 1.22-2.79]). Across strata for CT perfusion/MRI ischemic core volumes, aGenOR for EVT vs MM was 1.63 (95% CI, 1.23-2.16) for volumes ≥70 mL, 1.41 (95% CI, 0.99-2.02) for ≥100 mL, and 1.47 (95% CI, 0.84-2.56) for ≥150 mL. In the EVT group, outcomes worsened as ASPECTS decreased (aGenOR, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.82-1.00] per 1-point decrease) and as CT perfusion/MRI ischemic core volume increased (aGenOR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.89-0.95] per 10-mL increase). No heterogeneity of EVT treatment effect was observed with or without mismatch, although few patients without mismatch were enrolled.
Conclusion and Relevance In this exploratory analysis of a randomized clinical trial of patients with extensive ischemic stroke, EVT improved clinical outcomes across a wide spectrum of infarct volumes, although enrollment of patients with minimal penumbra volume was low. In EVT-treated patients, clinical outcomes worsened as presenting ischemic injury estimates increased.
Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03876457.
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