本文由小咖机器人翻译整理

期刊来源：Ann Intern Med

原文链接：https://doi.org/10.7326/M23-2795

摘要内容如下：

获得安全和稳定的住房对健康有直接和间接的影响。经历无家可归和住房不稳定会导致压力和创伤，恶化行为健康和物质使用。缺乏安全和稳定的生活条件会使休息、恢复和从健康疾病中恢复变得具有挑战性，并会对坚持治疗造成障碍。无家可归和住房不稳定与许多疾病和慢性病的高发病率有关。它与健康的其他社会驱动因素之间的周期性关系可能会加剧健康差距。因此，无家可归的人面临着独特的健康挑战，需要专门设计的卫生保健系统和专业人员来满足他们的独特需求。医生和其他卫生专业人员有责任让自己了解无家可归患者的需求，并让自己了解社区和政府为这些人群提供的资源。决策者必须支持卫生专业人员在这些方面的努力，支持促进这些资源转介所需的数据基础设施，支持对照顾这些人口的最佳做法的研究，并投资于社区组织的能力。需要采取政策行动来解决无家可归的根本驱动因素，包括缺乏负担得起的住房，同时也要解决目前对安全住所的短期需求。在这份立场文件中，美国内科医师学会（ACP）认识到有必要解决普遍获得住房的问题，以实现个人的健康权。ACP提出了几项建议，以防止无家可归，并促进无家可归人口的必要医疗保健和社会需求。

英文原文如下：

Abstracts

Access to safe and stable housing has both a direct and indirect effect on health. Experiencing homelessness and housing instability can induce stress and trauma, worsening behavioral health and substance use. The absence of safe and stable living conditions can make it challenging to rest, recuperate, and recover from health ailments and can pose barriers to treatment adherence. Homelessness and housing instability is associated with high rates of numerous diseases and chronic conditions. Its cyclical relationship with other social drivers of health can exacerbate health disparities. As a result, unhoused persons experience unique health challenges and require a health care system and professionals designed to meet their distinct needs. Physicians and other health professionals have a role in educating themselves about the needs of unhoused patients as well as making themselves aware of community and government resources available to these populations. Policymakers must support health professionals in these efforts by supporting the data infrastructure needed to facilitate these referrals to resources, supporting research into best practices for caring for these populations, and investing in community-based organization capacity. Policy action is needed to address the underlying drivers of homelessness, including a dearth of affordable housing, while also addressing the short-term need for safe shelter now. In this position paper, the American College of Physicians (ACP) recognizes the need to address universal access to housing to fulfill one's right to health. ACP offers several recommendations to prevent homelessness and promote the necessary health care and social needs of unhoused populations.

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