Ann Intern Med:钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白-2抑制剂与5期慢性肾病患者透析和心血管疾病的风险
本文由小咖机器人翻译整理
期刊来源:Ann Intern Med
原文链接:https://doi.org/10.7326/M23-1874
摘要内容如下:
背景
没有研究报告估计肾小球滤过率低于20 mL/min/1.73 m2的患者在透析前开始使用钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白-2抑制剂(SGLT2Is)的长期结果。
客观
比较2型糖尿病(T2D)和5期慢性肾病(CKD)患者中SGLT2i使用者和非使用者的透析、心血管事件和死亡风险。
设计
目标试验仿真研究
设置
台湾全民健康保险研究数据库(NHIRD)。
参与者
通过应用序贯目标试验仿真原则,从2016年5月1日至2021年10月31日的T2D和5期CKD患者的NHIRD中选择了23854名SGLT2i使用者和23892名SGLT2i非使用者。
测量
使用条件性Cox比例风险模型比较SGLT2i使用者和非使用者的透析、心力衰竭住院、急性心肌梗死(AMI)、糖尿病酮症酸中毒(DKA)、急性肾损伤(AKI)和全因死亡率的风险。
结果
在意向治疗模型中,与未使用SGLT2i相比,使用SGLT2i可降低透析(风险比[HR],0.34[95%CI,0.27-0.43])、因心力衰竭住院(HR,0.80[CI,0.73-0.86])、AMI(HR,0.61[CI,0.52-0.73])、DKA(HR,0.78[CI,0.71-0.85])、和AKI(HR,0.80[CI,0.70-0.90]),但全因死亡率风险无差异(HR,1.11[CI,0.99-1.24])。Kaplan-Meier曲线和亚组分析还显示,与不使用SGLT2I相比,在5期CKD中开始使用SGLT2I与长期透析的风险较低相关。
局限性
该结果可能不适用于没有T2D的患者。
结论
该模拟TARGET试验显示,在T2D和5期CKD患者中,与不使用SGLT2i相比,使用SGLT2i可降低透析、心血管事件、DKA和AKI的风险。
主要资金来源
国立卫生研究院,台湾。
英文原文如下:
Abstracts
BACKGROUND No studies have reported the long-term outcomes of initiating sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) in patients with estimated glomerular filtration rates less than 20 mL/min/1.73 m2 to predialysis.
OBJECTIVE To compare the risk for dialysis, cardiovascular events, and death between SGLT2i users and nonusers in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD).
DESIGN Target trial emulation study.
SETTING Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD).
PARTICIPANTS By applying sequential target trial emulation principle, 23 854 SGLT2i users and 23 892 SGLT2i nonusers were selected from the NHIRD for patients with T2D and stage 5 CKD from 1 May 2016 to 31 October 2021.
MEASUREMENTS Conditional Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare the risks for dialysis, hospitalization for heart failure, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), acute kidney injury (AKI), and all-cause mortality between SGLT2i users and nonusers.
RESULTS In the intention-to-treat model, compared with no SGLT2i use, SGLT2i use was associated with lower risks for dialysis (hazard ratio [HR], 0.34 [95% CI, 0.27 to 0.43]), hospitalization for heart failure (HR, 0.80 [CI, 0.73 to 0.86]), AMI (HR, 0.61 [CI, 0.52 to 0.73]), DKA (HR, 0.78 [CI, 0.71 to 0.85]), and AKI (HR, 0.80 [CI, 0.70 to 0.90]), but there was no difference in the risk for all-cause mortality (HR, 1.11 [CI, 0.99 to 1.24]). The Kaplan-Meier curves and subgroup analyses also showed that initiation of an SGLT2i in stage 5 CKD was associated with a lower risk for long-term dialysis than no SGLT2i use.
LIMITATION This result may not apply to patients without T2D.
CONCLUSION This emulated target trial showed that SGLT2i use was associated with a lower risk for dialysis, cardiovascular events, DKA, and AKI than no SGLT2i use in patients with T2D and stage 5 CKD.
PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan.
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