本文由小咖机器人翻译整理

期刊来源：Nat Med

原文链接：https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-02943-6

摘要内容如下：

人工智能（AI）聊天机器人越来越多地被用于帮助人们管理自己的心理健康。用于心理健康，特别是“健康”应用的聊天机器人目前存在于监管的“灰色地带”。事实上，大多数人工智能驱动的健康应用程序都不会受到卫生监管机构的审查。然而，最近的研究结果表明，这些应用程序的用户有时会使用它们来分享心理健康问题，甚至在危机期间寻求支持，而且这些应用程序有时会以增加用户伤害风险的方式做出反应，而当前的美国监管结构并没有很好地应对这一挑战。从这个角度来看，我们讨论了人工智能健康应用的监管环境和潜在的健康风险。虽然我们关注的是美国，但全球各地的监管机构都面临着类似的挑战。我们讨论了基于人工智能的健康应用程序进入医疗领域时出现的问题，以及对应用程序开发人员和监管机构的影响，并概述了该领域的突出优先事项。

英文原文如下：

Abstracts

Artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled chatbots are increasingly being used to help people manage their mental health. Chatbots for mental health and particularly 'wellness' applications currently exist in a regulatory 'gray area'. Indeed, most generative AI-powered wellness apps will not be reviewed by health regulators. However, recent findings suggest that users of these apps sometimes use them to share mental health problems and even to seek support during crises, and that the apps sometimes respond in a manner that increases the risk of harm to the user, a challenge that the current US regulatory structure is not well equipped to address. In this Perspective, we discuss the regulatory landscape and potential health risks of AI-enabled wellness apps. Although we focus on the United States, there are similar challenges for regulators across the globe. We discuss the problems that arise when AI-based wellness apps cross into medical territory and the implications for app developers and regulatory bodies, and we outline outstanding priorities for the field.

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