本文由小咖机器人翻译整理

期刊来源：Ann Intern Med

原文链接：https://doi.org/10.7326/M24-0679

摘要内容如下：

2023年，发表的关于COVID-19的研究仍然很突出。本文的目的是强调2023年发表的与COVID-19无关的传染病证据的重要进展。对文献进行了筛选，以获得与内科专家和专科医生相关的可靠新证据，这些专家的实践重点不是传染病。突出显示的出版物涉及各种生物体和患者群体。一篇文章提供了对感染性心内膜炎的诊断和治疗的最新指南的见解。几篇文章讨论了脓毒症和菌血症的治疗：头孢吡肟与哌拉西林-他唑巴坦、头孢比丙烯治疗复杂性金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症的比较，以及革兰氏阴性菌血症患者从静脉注射抗生素到口服抗生素的早期转换。另一篇文章研究了接受不同治疗的艰难梭菌感染患者全因死亡率的差异。其他文章提供了关于HIV感染患者治疗的证据：暴露前预防预防HIV感染的效用，匹伐他汀在减少心血管疾病方面的疗效，以及地塞米松治疗HIV患者结核性脑膜炎的疗效。

英文原文如下：

Abstracts

In 2023, published research on COVID-19 remains prominent. The aim of this article is to highlight important developments in infectious disease evidence unrelated to COVID-19 that were published in 2023. The literature was screened for sound new evidence relevant to internal medicine specialists and subspecialists whose focus of practice is not infectious diseases. The highlighted publications relate to various organisms and patient populations. One article provides insight into the updated guidelines for the diagnosis and management of infective endocarditis. Several articles address the management of sepsis and bacteremia: comparison of cefepime versus piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftobiprole for the treatment of complicated Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia, and early switch from intravenous to oral antibiotics in patients with gram-negative bacteremia. Another article examines differences in all-cause mortality in patients with Clostridioides difficile infection who receive different treatments. Additional articles provide evidence about the treatment of patients with HIV infection: the utility of preexposure prophylaxis to prevent HIV infection, the efficacy of pitavastatin in reducing cardiovascular disease, and the efficacy of dexamethasone for the treatment of tuberculous meningitis in persons with HIV.

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